No person in the United States shall, on the basis of sex, be excluded from participation in education programs receiving federal funds. This statement describes which law?

• A. Title IX
• B. the Equal Rights Amendment to the U.S. Constitution
• C. Title V
• D. the Women's Suffrage Act

Answer: (A)

Title IX prohibits sex discrimination in education programs receiving federal funds. This statement is the exact principle behind Title IX: no person shall be excluded from participation on the basis of sex in any education program or activity that receives federal funding. Enacted in 1972 as part of the Education Amendments, it covers admissions, recruitment, financial aid, curriculum, facilities, and especially athletics, with the aim of ensuring equal educational opportunities for all genders. In sociology of sport, Title IX is often discussed for how it transformed access to and resources for women's collegiate sports. Enforcement operates through the Office for Civil Rights, and compliance can involve ensuring equal access to facilities, coaching, equipment, and opportunities. The other options don’t capture this specific federal mandate: the Equal Rights Amendment would constitutionalize equal rights but has not been ratified, and Title V or a Women’s Suffrage Act do not describe this prohibition on sex discrimination in federally funded education.