Which theory argues that society is an organized system of interrelated parts, with sport focusing on positive outcomes for individuals and society?

• A. Functionalist theory
• B. Conflict theory
• C. Critical theory
• D. Internationalist theory

Answer: (A)

The main idea tested is that society operates as an organized system of interrelated parts, and sport is seen as a social institution that yields positive outcomes for individuals and for the whole society. Functionalist theory argues that these parts work together to maintain stability and order, and sport contributes by socializing people into shared norms like teamwork, discipline, and fair play; providing opportunities for status, role models, and social integration; offering a constructive outlet for energy; and fostering physical health and community identity. Because of these multiple positive functions at both the individual and societal levels, sport is viewed as supporting the smooth operation and cohesion of the social system. In contrast, other theories focus more on conflict, power, or micro-level meanings rather than how sport as a whole supports social harmony and stability.